Civil Engineering

The disposal of refuse can be done by various methods, following are the common methods of refuse disposal By dumping into the sea By incineration By sanitary landfilling By composting…

There are various methods of collection of solids waste House to house collection Refuse generated and stored in the individual household is removed initially by the owner or employee and…

Aspect Load bearing structure Framed structure Soil condition It is constructed on hard strata available at shallow depth. It can be constructed on any type of soil. e.g. black cotton…

There are three constituents and interrelated aspects of wastewater management Collection Disposal \ re-use Treatment Collection Collection of domestic and industrial wastewater is best achieved by fully developed sewerage or water…

While designing the water supply schemes of the town. It is necessary to determine the total year demand as well as monthly demand variation in the demand rates. Following are…

The following are the standards of water to be used for domestic purposes. Standards of water quality The following are the standard of water to be used for domestic purposes:…

The source from which water is available for supply schemes can conveniently be classified into the following two categories according to their proximity to the ground surface. Surface sources Underground…

Following are the four in which undergrounded sources are found Infiltration galleries Springs Wells Infiltration galleries An infiltration gallery is a horizontal or nearly horizontal tunnel which is constructed through…

In this type of sources, the surface runoff is available for water supply schemes. The usual forms of the surface are as follows Lakes and streams Pounds Rivers Storage reservoirs…